Tetrahydrofuran | 109-99-9
Idatha yeMveliso yeMveliso:
| Igama lemveliso | Tetrahydrofuran |
| Iipropati | Ulwelo oluguquguqukayo olungenambala olune-ether-likeivumba. |
| Indawo yokunyibilika(°C) | -108.5 |
| Indawo yokubilisa (°C) | 66 |
| Ukuxinana ngokuzalana (Amanzi=1) | 0.89 |
| Ubuninzi bomphunga ozalanayo (umoya=1) | 2.5 |
| Uxinzelelo lomphunga (kPa) | 19.3 (20°C) |
| Ubushushu bokutsha (kJ/mol) | -2515.2 |
| Ubushushu obubalulekileyo (°C) | 268 |
| Uxinzelelo olunzima (MPa) | 5.19 |
| I-Octanol / i-coefficient yokwahlula kwamanzi | 0.46 |
| Indawo edanyazayo (°C) | -14 |
| Ubushushu bokutshisa (°C) | 321 |
| Umda wokudubula okuphezulu (%) | 11.8 |
| Umda wokudubula osezantsi (%) | 1.8 |
| Ukunyibilika | Inyibilika kancinci emanzini, inyibilika kwi-ethanol, i-ether. |
Iipropati zeMveliso kunye noZinzo:
1.Ulwelo olungenambala olucacileyo olunevumba elifana ne-ether. Ixutywe namanzi. Umxube we-azeotropic ngamanzi unokuchitha i-cellulose acetate kunye ne-caffeine alkaloids, kwaye ukusebenza kokunyibilika kungcono kune-tetrahydrofuran yodwa. Izinyibilikisi eziqhelekileyo ze-organic ezifana ne-ethanol, i-ether, i-aliphatic hydrocarbons, i-aromatic hydrocarbons, i-chlorinated hydrocarbons, njl.njl. inokunyibilika kakuhle kwi-tetrahydrofuran. Kulula ukudibanisa ne-oxidation emoyeni ukuvelisa iperoxide eqhumayo. Ayina nkunkuma kwisinyithi, kwaye iyakhukuliseka kwiiplastiki ezininzi kunye neerabha. Ngenxa yendawo yokubilisa, i-flash point iphantsi, kulula ukubamba umlilo kwiqondo lokushisa. Ioksijini esemoyeni ngexesha logcino inokuvelisa iperoxide eqhumayo ngetetrahydrofuran. I-Peroxides inokwenzeka ukuba yenziwe phambi kokukhanya kunye neemeko ezingenamanzi. Ngoko ke, i-0.05% ~ 1% ye-hydroquinone, i-resorcinol, i-p-cresol okanye i-ferrous salts kunye nezinye izinto zokunciphisa zihlala zongezwa njenge-antioxidants ukuvimbela ukuveliswa kweeperoxides. Le mveliso inetyhefu ephantsi, umqhubi kufuneka anxibe izixhobo zokukhusela.
2.Uzinzo: Izinzile
3.Izinto ezivinjelwayo: I-Acids, i-alkali, i-oxidising agents eyomeleleyo, i-oxygen
6.Imiqathango yokuphepha ukuvezwa: Ukukhanya, umoya
7.Ingozi yePolymerization: Ukwenziwa kwePolymerization
Isicelo seMveliso:
I-1.Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yokungena kwayo kakuhle kunye nokusabalalisa kumphezulu kunye nangaphakathi kwee-resin. Isetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa kwifomathi yokusabela, i-polymerisation reaction, i-LiAlH4 yokunciphisa i-condensation reaction kunye ne-esterification reaction. Ukuchithwa kwe-polyvinyl chloride, i-polyvinylidene chloride kunye ne-copolymers yazo iphumela kwisisombululo esincinci se-viscosity, esisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekwenzeni iingubo ezingaphezulu, iingubo zokukhusela, i-adhesives kunye neefilimu. Ikwasetyenziswa kwi-inki, i-stripper yepeyinti, i-extractant, unyango olungaphezulu lwesikhumba sokwenziwa. Le mveliso i-self-polymerization kunye ne-copolymerization, inokuvelisa i-polyether yohlobo lwe-polyurethane elastomer. Le mveliso iyimveliso ebalulekileyo yeekhemikhali, inokulungiswa ibutadiene, i-nylon, i-polybutylene glycol ether, i-γ-butyrolactone, i-polyvinylpyrrolidone, i-tetrahydrothiophene kunye nokunye. Le mveliso inokusetyenziswa njengendawo ephakathi kwi-organic synthesis efana neziyobisi.
I-2.I-Tetrahydrofuran inokunyibilika zonke izinto eziphilayo ngaphandle kwe-polyethylene, i-polypropylene kunye ne-fluorine resins, ngokukodwa i-polyvinyl chloride, i-polyvinylidene chloride kunye ne-butylaniline ine-solubility enhle, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njenge-solvent esebenzayo.
I-3. Njenge-solvent eqhelekileyo, i-tetrahydrofuran isetyenziswe ngokuqhelekileyo kwiingubo ezingaphezulu, iingubo ezikhuselayo, ii-inki, ii-extractants kunye nokuphathwa kwendawo yesikhumba sokwenziwa.
I-4.I-Tetrahydrofuran yinto ebalulekileyo yokuvelisa i-polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEEG) kunye ne-solvent enkulu kwi-industry ye-pharmaceutical industry. Isetyenziswe njenge-solvent yendalo kunye ne-synthetic resins (ingakumbi i-vinyl resins), isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwe-butadiene, i-adiponitrile, i-adip.i-onitrilei-adipic acid,hexaneidamine njalo njalo.
I-5.Isetyenziswe njenge-solvent, i-chemical synthesis intermediate, i-reagent yokuhlalutya.
Amanqaku okuGcina iMveliso:
1.Gcina kwindawo epholileyo nengena umoya.
2. Gcina kude nomlilo kunye nomthombo wobushushu.
3.Ubushushu bendawo yokugcina impahla kufuneka bungabi ngaphezu kwama-29°C.
4. Gcina isitya sivaliwe, engadibani nomoya.
5. Kufuneka igcinwe ngokwahlukileyo kwi-oxidising agents, acids,iialkali, njl.kwaye mayingaze ixutywe.
6.Adopt izibane ezingagqabhukiyo kunye nezixhobo zokungenisa umoya.
7.Vimbela ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zoomatshini kunye nezixhobo ekulula ukuvelisa iintlantsi.
8.Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngokuvuza kwezixhobo zonyango olungxamisekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela.
