Utywala beMethyl | 67-56-1
Idatha yeMveliso yeMveliso:
| Igama lemveliso | I-Methyl utywala |
| Iipropati | Ulwelo olubonakalayo olungenambala olunokutsha kunye nolwelo oluguqukayo olukwipolar |
| Indawo yokunyibilika(°C) | -98 |
| Indawo yokubila(°C) | 143.5 |
| Indawo edanyazayo (°C) | 40.6 |
| Ukunyibilika kwamanzi | ezahlukeneyo |
| Uxinzelelo lomphunga | 2.14(mmHg ku-25°C) |
Ingcaciso yeMveliso:
I-Methanol, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-hydroxymethane, yikhompawundi ephilayo kunye neyona ndlela ilula yotywala i-mono kwisakhiwo. Ifomula yayo yeekhemikhali yi-CH3OH / CH₄O, apho i-CH₃OH ifom emfutshane yesakhiwo, enokugqamisa iqela le-hydroxyl ye-methano. Kuba yafunyanwa okokuqala kwidistillation eyomileyo yeenkuni, ikwabizwa ngokuba yi & ldquo; utywala imithi & rdquo; okanye & ldquo; umoya iinkuni & rdquo;. Idosi esezantsi yetyhefu yomlomo womntu imalunga ne-100mg/kg ubunzima bomzimba, ukuthathwa ngomlomo kwe-0.3 ~ 1g/kg kunokubulala. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-formaldehyde kunye ne-pesticides, njl., kwaye isetyenziswe njenge-extractant yezinto eziphilayo kunye ne-denaturant yotywala, njl.
Iipropati zeMveliso kunye noZinzo:
Ulwelo olungenambala olucacileyo, umphunga kunye nomoya walo unokwenza imixube eqhumayo, xa utshisiwe ukuvelisa amadangatye abhlowu. Ubushushu obubalulekileyo 240.0 ° C; uxinzelelo olubalulekileyo 78.5atm, oluxutywe ngamanzi, i-ethanol, i-ether, ibenzene, i-ketones kunye nezinye izinyibilikisi eziphilayo. Umphunga wayo wenza umxube oqhumayo kunye nomoya, onokubangela ukutsha kunye nokudubula xa ubekwe kumlilo ovulekileyo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. Inokusabela ngamandla kunye ne-oxidant. Ukuba idibana nobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwesitya luyanda, kwaye kukho ingozi yokuqhekeka kunye nokuqhuma. Akukho dangatye lokukhanya xa uvutha. Ingaqokelela umbane ongatshintshiyo kwaye ilumeke umphunga wayo.
Isicelo seMveliso:
I-1.Enye yezinto ezisisiseko zezinto eziphilayo, ezisetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwe-chloromethane, i-methylamine kunye ne-dimethyl sulphate kunye nezinye iimveliso eziphilayo. Kwakhona i-raw material ye-pesticides (i-insecticides, i-acaricides), amayeza (i-sulfonamides, i-hapten, njl.), kunye nenye yezinto ezibonakalayo zokwenziwa kwe-dimethyl terephthalate, i-methyl methacrylate kunye ne-methyl acrylate.
2.Isicelo esiphambili se-methanol kukuveliswa kwe-formaldehyde.
3.Okunye ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwe-methanol kukuveliswa kwe-acetic acid. Inokuvelisa i-vinyl acetate, i-acetate fiber kunye ne-acetate, njl.
I-4.I-Methanol ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza i-methyl formate.
I-5.I-Methanol inokuvelisa i-methylamine, i-methylamine i-amine ebalulekileyo ye-fatty, kunye ne-nitrogen engamanzi kunye ne-methanol njengezinto eziluhlaza, ingaba yi-discrete ngokusebenzisa i-methylamine, i-dimethylamine, i-trimethylamine, enye yezinto ezisisiseko zeekhemikhali.
I-6.Inokuthi ifakwe kwi-dimethyl carbonate, eyimveliso ehambelana nokusingqongileyo kwaye isetyenziswe kumayeza, ezolimo kunye namashishini akhethekileyo, njl.
I-7.Inokuthi ifakwe kwi-ethylene glycol, enye yezinto zepetrochemical intermediate raw materials kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwe-polyester kunye ne-antifreeze.
8.Ingasetyenziswa ekwenzeni umkhuthazi wokukhula, okuluncedo ekukhuleni kwezityalo ezikwindawo eyomileyo.
9.Kwakhona inokwenziwa iprotein yemethanol, i-methanol njengento ekrwada eveliswe yi-microbial fermentation ye-methanol protein yaziwa ngokuba sisizukulwana sesibini seeproteni zeseli enye, co.mpaibomvu eneeprotheyini zendalo, ixabiso lesondlo liphezulu, umxholo weprotheyini ekrwada uphezulu kakhulu kunolo lwentlanzi kunye neembotyi zesoya, kwaye zizityebi kwii-amino acids, iiminerali kunye neevithamini, ezinokusetyenziswa endaweni yentlanzi, iimbotyi zesoya, ukutya kwamathambo. , inyama kunye ne-skimmed milk powder.
I-10.I-Methanol isetyenziswa njenge-agent yokucoca kunye ne-degreasing.
I-11.Isetyenziswe njenge-reagent yokuhlalutya, njengama-solvents, i-methylation reagents, i-chromatographic reagents. Ikwasetyenziswa kwi-organic synthesis.
12. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-methanol yi-solvent engcono kune-ethanol, inokunyibilikisa iityuwa ezininzi ze-inorganic. Isenokudityaniswa nepetroli njengenye indlela yokubasa. I-Methanol isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwe-petroli octane additive methyl tertiary butyl ether, i-methanol petroli, i-methanol fuel, kunye neprotheni ye-methanol kunye nezinye iimveliso.
I-13.I-Methanol ayiyona nje into ebalulekileyo yeekhemikhali ekrwada, kodwa kunye nomthombo wamandla kunye ne-fuel yemoto esebenza kakuhle. I-Methanol iphendula kunye ne-isobutylene ukufumana i-MTBE (i-methyl tertiary butyl ether), eyi-octane ephezulu ye-octane edityanisiweyo yepetroli kwaye ingasetyenziselwa njengesinyibilikisi. Ukongeza, ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-olefins kunye nepropylene.
I-14.I-Methanol ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-dimethyl ether. Isibaso esitsha solwelo esenziwe nge-methanol kunye ne-dimethyl ether eyenziwe ngokomlinganiselo othile kuthiwa yi-alcohol ether fuel. Ukutsha kwayo ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal kuphezulu kunoko kwegesi engamanzi.
Amanqaku okuGcina iMveliso:
1.Gcina kwindawo epholileyo nengena umoya.
2. Gcina kude nomlilo kunye nomthombo wobushushu.
3. Gcina isitya sivaliwe.
4. Kufuneka igcinwe ngokwahlukileyo emanzini, ethanol, ether, benzene, ketones, kwaye mayingaze ixutywe.
5.Vimbela ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zoomatshini kunye nezixhobo ekulula ukuvelisa iintlantsi.
Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngokuvuza kwezixhobo zonyango olungxamisekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela.
