1-Butanol |71-63-3
Idatha yeMveliso yeMveliso:
| Igama lemveliso | 1-Butanol |
| Iipropati | Ulwelo olungenambala olucacileyo olukhethekileyoivumba |
| Indawo yokunyibilika(°C) | -89.8 |
| Indawo yokubilisa (°C) | 117.7 |
| Ukuxinana ngokuzalana (Amanzi=1) | 0.81 |
| Ubuninzi bomphunga ozalanayo (umoya=1) | 2.55 |
| Uxinzelelo lomphunga (kPa) | 0.73 |
| Ubushushu bokutsha (kJ/mol) | -2673.2 |
| Ubushushu obubalulekileyo (°C) | 289.85 |
| Uxinzelelo olunzima (MPa) | 4.414 |
| I-Octanol / i-coefficient yokwahlula kwamanzi | 0.88 |
| Indawo edanyazayo (°C) | 29 |
| Ubushushu bokutshisa (°C) | 355-365 |
| Umda wokudubula okuphezulu (%) | 11.3 |
| Umda wokudubula osezantsi (%) | 1.4 |
| Ukunyibilika | Inyibilika kancinane emanzini, inyibilika kwi-ethanol, i-ether kunye nezinye izinyibilikisi ezininzi eziphilayo. |
Iipropati zeMveliso kunye noZinzo:
1.Yenza imixube ye-azeotropic ngamanzi, exutywe ne-ethanol, i-ether kunye nezinye izinyibilikisi ezininzi zezinto eziphilayo.Inyibilika kwi-alkaloids, i-camphor, idayi, irabha, i-ethyl cellulose, i-resin acid salts (i-calcium kunye neetyuwa ze-magnesium), i-oyile kunye namafutha, i-wax kunye neentlobo ezininzi ze-resin zendalo kunye ne-synthetic.
I-2.Iipropati ze-Chemical kunye ne-ethanol kunye nepropanol, efanayo ne-chemical reactivity ye-alcohols eziphambili.
3.I-Butanol yeyodidi oluphantsi lwetyhefu.Impembelelo ye-anesthetic inamandla kunepropanol, kwaye ukudibanisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwesikhumba kunokukhokelela ekuphumeni kwegazi kunye ne-necrosis.Ubuthi bayo ebantwini bungaphezulu ngokuphindwe kathathu kune-ethanol.Umphunga wayo ucaphukisa amehlo, impumlo kunye nomqala.Ukugxilwa kwe-75.75mg / m3 Nangona abantu banemvakalelo engathandekiyo, kodwa ngenxa yeqondo eliphezulu lokubilisa, ukuguquguquka okuphantsi, ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kweqondo lokushisa eliphezulu, ingozi ayikho enkulu.Impuku yomlomo LD50 yi 4.36g/kg.i-olfactory threshold concentration 33.33mg/m3.I-TJ 36&mash;79 imisela ukuba olona gxininiso luphezulu luvumelekileyo emoyeni wocweyo yi-200 mg/m3.
4.Uzinzo: Izinzile
I-5.Izinto ezivinjelwayo: I-acids eqinile, i-acyl chlorides, i-anhydrides ye-asidi, i-oxidising agents enamandla.
6.Ingozi yokwenziwa kwepolymerisation: Ukungasetyenziswa kwepolymerisation
Isicelo seMveliso:
1.Isetyenziswa ikakhulu ekwenzeni i-phthalic acid, i-aliphatic dibasic acid kunye ne-phosphoric acid n-butyl ester plasticisers.Inokusetyenziswa kwakhona njenge-solvent ye-organic dyes kunye nee-inki zokuprinta, kunye ne-agent e-dewaxing.Isetyenziswe njenge-solvent ukwahlula i-potassium perchlorate kunye ne-sodium perchlorate, nayo inokwahlula i-sodium chloride kunye ne-lithium chloride.Isetyenziselwa ukuhlamba i-sodium zinc uranyl acetate precipitates.Saponification A medium for esters.Ukulungiswa kwezinto ezifakwe kwiparafini kwi-microanalysis.Isetyenziswe njenge-solvent yamafutha, i-wax, i-resin, iintsini, iintsini, njl njl.
2.Uhlalutyo lweChromatographic yezinto eziqhelekileyo.Isetyenziselwa ukuzimisela kwe-colorurimetric ye-arsenic acid, ukuhlukana kwe-potassium, i-sodium, i-lithium, i-solvent ye-chlorate.
I-3.Isetyenziswe njengama-reagents okuhlalutya, njenge-solvents, njengohlalutyo lwe-chromatographic yezinto eziqhelekileyo.Ikwasetyenziswa kwi-organic synthesis.
I-4.I-solvent ebalulekileyo, ekuveliseni i-urea-formaldehyde resins, i-cellulose resins, i-alkyd resins kunye neengubo ezisetyenziselwa ubuninzi, kodwa kunye ne-adhesive esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-diluent engasebenzi.Ikwayinto ebalulekileyo yeekhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwe-plasticiser dibutyl phthalate, i-aliphatic dibasic acid ester, i-phosphate ester.Ikwasetyenziswa njenge-agent ye-dehydrating, i-anti-emulsifier kunye ne-extractant yeoli, iziqholo, i-antibiotics, i-hormones, iivithamini, njl., i-additive of alkyd resin paint, kunye ne-co-solvent ye-nitro spray paint.
I-5.I-solvent ye-Cosmetic.Ikakhulu kwi-nail polish kunye nezinye izinto zokuthambisa njenge-co-solvent, kunye ne-ethyl acetate kunye nezinye izinyibilikisi eziphambili, ukunceda ukunyibilikisa umbala kunye nokulungelelanisa izinga lokunyuka kwe-solvent kunye ne-viscosity.Imali eyongeziweyo imalunga ne-10%.
6.Inokusetyenziswa njenge-defoamer yokudibanisa i-inki ekushicileleni isikrini.
7.Isetyenziselwa ukubhaka ukutya, i-pudding, i-candy.
8.Isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwee-esters, iplastiki yeplastiki, iyeza, ipeyinti yokutshiza, kunye nesinyibilikisi.
Iindlela zokuGcina iMveliso:
Ipakishwe kwimigqomo yentsimbi, 160kg okanye 200kg igubu ngalinye, kufuneka igcinwe kwindawo ezomileyo nezingena umoya, kunye namaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe35°C, kwaye iindawo zokugcina kufuneka zingatshi kwaye zingaqhumisi.Ukumelana nomlilo kunye nobungqina bokudubula kwindawo yokugcina impahla.Xa ulayisha, usothulwa kwaye uthuthwa, uthintele kubundlobongela impact, kwaye uthintele ekukhanyeni kwelanga nasemvuleni.Gcina kunye nokuthutha ngokwemigaqo yeekhemikhali ezinokutsha.
Amanqaku okuGcina iMveliso:
1.Gcina kwindawo epholileyo nengena umoya.
2. Gcina kude nomlilo kunye nomthombo wobushushu.
3.Ubushushu bokugcina akufunekanga budlule kwi-37°C.
4. Gcina isitya sivaliwe.
5. Kufuneka igcinwe ngokwahlukileyo kwi-oxidising agents, i-acids, njalo njalo, kwaye akufanele ixutywe.
6.Sebenzisa izibane ezingagqabhukiyo kunye nezixhobo zokungenisa umoya.
7.Vimbela ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zoomatshini kunye nezixhobo ekulula ukuvelisa iintlantsi.
8.Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngokuvuza kwezixhobo zonyango olungxamisekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela.
