Isopropanol | 67-63-0
Idatha yeMveliso yeMveliso:
| Igama lemveliso | Isopropanol |
| Iipropati | Ulwelo olungenambala olucacileyo, olunevumba elifana nomxube we-ethanol kunye ne-acetone |
| Indawo yokunyibilika(°C) | -88.5 |
| Indawo yokubila(°C) | 82.5 |
| Ukuxinana ngokuzalana (Amanzi=1) | 0.79 |
| Ubuninzi bomphunga ozalanayo (umoya=1) | 2.1 |
| Uxinzelelo lomphunga (kPa) | 4.40 |
| Ubushushu bokutsha (kJ/mol) | -1995.5 |
| Ubushushu obubalulekileyo (°C) | 235 |
| Uxinzelelo olunzima (MPa) | 4.76 |
| I-Octanol / i-coefficient yokwahlula kwamanzi | 0.05 |
| Indawo edanyazayo (°C) | 11 |
| Ubushushu bokutshisa (°C) | 465 |
| Umda wokudubula okuphezulu (%) | 12.7 |
| Umda wokudubula osezantsi (%) | 2.0 |
| Ukunyibilika | Inyibilika kuninzi lwezinyibilikisi eziphilayo ezifana namanzi, i-ethanol, i-ether, ibenzene, i-chloroform, njl. |
Iipropati zeMveliso kunye noZinzo:
1.Ivumba elifana ne-Ethanol. Ixutywe namanzi, i-ethanol, i-ether, i-chloroform. Iyakwazi ukunyibilikisa alkaloids, irabha kunye nezinye izinto eziphilayo kunye nezinye izinto ezingaphiliyo. Kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi, iyakwazi ukuvutha kwaye umphunga wayo kulula ukwenza imixube eqhumayo xa ixutywe nomoya.
I-2.Imveliso inetyhefu ephantsi, umqhubi kufuneka agqoke izixhobo zokukhusela. I-Isopropyl alcohol kulula ukuvelisa i-peroxide, ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka ichongwe ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa. Indlela yile: thatha i-0.5mL isopropyl alcohol, yongeza i-1mL 10% yesisombululo se-potassium iodide kunye ne-0.5mL 1: 5 dilute i-hydrochloric acid kunye namathontsi ambalwa esisombululo sestatshi, shukumisa umzuzu omnye, ukuba iblue okanye blue-black ebonakaliswe iperoxide.
3.Inokutsha kunye netyhefu ephantsi. Ubuthi bomphunga buphindwe kabini kwi-ethanol, kwaye i-toxicity ichasene xa ithathwa ngaphakathi. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lomphunga lune-anesthesia ebonakalayo, ukucaphuka kwamehlo kunye nenwebu ye-mucous yendlela yokuphefumla, inokonakalisa i-retina kunye ne-optic nerve. I-Oral LD505.47g / kg kwiigundane, ukuxinwa okuphezulu okuvumelekileyo emoyeni 980mg / m3, abaqhubi kufuneka banxibe iimaski zegesi. Nxiba ii-eyewear ezikhusela igesi xa uzinzo luphezulu. Vala izixhobo kunye nemibhobho; phumeza umoya wasekhaya okanye obanzi.
4.Ityhefu encinci. Imiphumo ye-Physiological kunye ne-ethanol iyafana, i-toxicity, i-anesthesia kunye nokuvuselela i-membrane ye-mucous yendlela yokuphefumula ephezulu yomelele kune-ethanol, kodwa ayinamandla njengepropanol. Kukho phantse akukho kuqokelelana emzimbeni, kwaye amandla e-bactericidal aphindwe kabini kune-ethanol. I-olfactory threshold concentration ye-1.1mg / m3. Ugxininiso oluphezulu oluvumelekileyo kwindawo yokusebenza yi-1020mg/m3.
5.Uzinzo: Izinzile
6.Izinto ezivinjelwayo: Ii-oxidising agents ezinamandla, i-acids, i-anhydrides, i-halogens.
7.Ingozi yokwenziwa kwepolymerisation: Ukungasetyenziswa kwepolymerisation
Isicelo seMveliso:
I-1.Inoluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa njengento ekrwada yezinto eziphilayo kunye ne-solvent. Njengezinto eziphathekayo zekhemikhali, inokuvelisa i-acetone, i-hydrogen peroxide, i-methyl isobutyl ketone, i-diisobutyl ketone, isopropylamine, isopropyl ether, isopropanol ether, isopropyl chloride, isopropyl fatty acid ester kunye ne-chlorinated fatty acid isopropyl ester. Kwimichiza emihle, ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-isopropyl nitrate, isopropyl xanthate, i-triisopropyl phosphite, i-aluminium triisopropoxide, kunye neyeza kunye ne-pesticides. Njenge-solvent, ingasetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweepende, ii-inki, i-extractants, i-aerosol agents kunye nokunye. Isenokusetyenziswa njenge-antifreeze, i-agent yokucoca, i-additive for petroli blending, i-dispersant yokuvelisa i-pigment, i-agent yokulungisa i-agent yokushicilela kunye ne-dayi, i-agent echasene ne-fogging yeglasi kunye neeplastiki ezibonakalayo. Isetyenziswe njenge-diluent ye-adhesive, i-antifreeze kunye ne-dehydrating agent.
2.Ukuzimisela kwe-barium, i-calcium, ithusi, i-magnesium, i-nickel, i-potassium, i-sodium, i-strontium, i-nitrite, i-cobalt kunye nezinye i-reagents. Umgangatho wohlalutyo lweChromatographic. Njengemichiza ekrwada, inokuvelisa i-acetone, i-hydrogen peroxide, i-methyl isobutyl ketone, i-diisobutyl ketone, isopropylamine, isopropyl ether, isopropyl ether, isopropyl chloride, isopropyl ester ye-fatty acid kunye ne-isopropyl ester ye-fatty acid kunye ne-chlorine. Kwimichiza emihle, ingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa i-isopropyl nitrate, isopropyl xanthate, i-triisopropyl phosphite, i-aluminium triisopropoxide, kunye neyeza kunye ne-pesticides. Njenge-solvent, ingasetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweepende, ii-inki, i-extractants, i-aerosols kunye nokunye. Isenokusetyenziswa njenge-antifreeze, i-agent yokucoca, i-additive for petroli blending, i-dispersant yokuvelisa i-pigment, i-agent yokulungisa i-agent yokushicilela kunye ne-dayi, i-agent echasene ne-fogging yeglasi kunye neeplastiki ezibonakalayo.
3.Isetyenziswa njenge-antifoaming ye-oyile equlathe ulwelo olusekwe emanzini, umoya ukwenza imixube eqhumayo, unokubangela ukutsha kunye nogqabhuko-dubulo xa ubekwe kwidangatye elivulekileyo kunye nobushushu obuphezulu. Inokusabela ngamandla kunye ne-oxidant. Umphunga wayo unzima kunomoya, kwaye unokusasazeka kwindawo ekude kwindawo ephantsi, kwaye uvuthe xa udibana nomthombo wokutshisa. Ukuba idibana nobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwesitya luyanda, kwaye kukho ingozi yokuqhekeka kunye nokuqhuma.
I-4.Isopropyl yotywala njenge-arhente yokucoca kunye ne-degreasing, ibakala le-MOS lisetyenziselwa izixhobo ezicacileyo kunye neesekethe ezihlanganisiweyo eziphakathi kunye nezinkulu, i-BV-Ⅲ ibakala isetyenziselwa inkqubo yesekethe edibeneyo ye-ultra-scale-scale.
I-5.Isetyenziswe kwishishini le-elektroniki, ingasetyenziselwa ukucoca kunye ne-agent ye-degreasing.
I-6.Isetyenziswe njenge-diluent ye-adhesive, i-extractant yeoli ye-cottonseed, i-solvent ye-nitrocellulose, i-rubber, ipende, i-shellac, i-alkaloid, igrisi kunye nokunye. Ikwasetyenziswa njenge-antifreeze, i-agent ephelisa amanzi emzimbeni, i-antiseptic, i-antifogging agent, iyeza, i-pesticide, i-spice, izithambiso kunye ne-organic synthesis.
I-7.I-solvent eshibhile kwishishini, uluhlu olubanzi lokusetyenziswa, lunokuxutywa ngokukhululekileyo namanzi, ukunyibilika kwezinto ze-lipophilic kune-ethanol.
8.Yimveliso ebalulekileyo yeekhemikhali kunye nezinto eziluhlaza. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumayeza, izithambiso, iiplastiki, iziqholo, iipeyinti njalo njalo.
Iindlela zokuGcina iMveliso:
Amatanki, imibhobho kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumene ne-anhydrous isopropanol zinokwenziwa ngentsimbi yekhabhoni, kodwa kufuneka zikhuselwe kumphunga wamanzi. I-Isopropanol equkethe amanzi kufuneka ikhuselwe kwi-corrosion ngokusebenzisa i-lined okanye i-stainless steel containers okanye izixhobo. Iimpompo zokuphatha utywala be-isopropyl kukhethwa ukuba zibe ziimpompo ezisecentrifugal ezinolawulo oluzenzekelayo kwaye zixhotyiswe ngeenjini zokuthintela ukudubula. Uthutho lunokuba ngetanki yemoto, itanki likaloliwe, iidramu ezingama-200l (53usgal) okanye izikhongozeli ezincinci. Umphandle wesikhongozeli sezothutho kufuneka uphawulwe ukubonisa ulwelo olunokutsha.
Amanqaku okuGcina iMveliso:
1.Gcina kwindawo epholileyo nengena umoya.
2. Gcina kude nomlilo kunye nomthombo wobushushu.
3.Ubushushu bokugcina akufunekanga budlule kwi-37°C.
4. Gcina isitya sivaliwe.
5. Kufuneka igcinwe ngokwahlukileyo kwi-oxidising agents, i-acids, i-halogens njl., kwaye akufanele ixutywe.
6.Sebenzisa izibane ezingagqabhukiyo kunye nezixhobo zokungenisa umoya.
7.Vimbela ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zoomatshini kunye nezixhobo ekulula ukuvelisa iintlantsi.
8.Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngokuvuza kwezixhobo zonyango olungxamisekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela.
