L-Tyrosine | 60-18-4

I-Tyrosine (efinyeziweyo njengeTyr okanye i-Y) okanye i-4-hydroxyphenylalanine, yenye ye-amino acids ye-22 esetyenziswa ziiseli ukwenza iiprotheni. I-UAC yayo kunye ne-UAU. Yi-amino acid engabalulekanga kunye neqela le-polar side. Igama elithi "tyrosine" lisuka kwigama lesiGrike elithi tyros, elithetha itshizi, njengoko lafunyanwa okokuqala ngo-1846 ngusokhemisti waseJamani uJustus von Liebig kwiproteincasein esuka kwitshizi. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-tyrosyl xa kubhekiselwa kuyo njengeqela elisebenzayo le-chainor side chain.yrosine yi-precursor ye-neurotransmitters kwaye inyusa amanqanaba e-plasmaneurotransmitter (ingakumbi i-DOPAM kunye ne-norepinephrine) kodwa iyancipha ukuba nayiphi na impembelelo kwisimo sengqondo. Impembelelo kwisimo sengqondo ibonakala ngakumbi kubantu abaphantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo.
Ngaphandle kokuba yiproteinogenic aminoacid, i-tyrosine inendima ekhethekileyo ngenxa yokusebenza kwephenol. I-Itoccurs kwiiprotheyini eziyinxalenye yeenkqubo zokutshintshwa komqondiso. Isebenza njengomamkeli wamaqela ephosphate athi adluliselwe ngendlela yeproteinkinases (ebizwa ngokuba yi-receptor tyrosine kinases). I-Phosphorylation ye-hydroxylgroup itshintsha umsebenzi weprotheni ekujoliswe kuyo.
Intsalela yetyrosine nayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiphotosynthesis. Kwii-chloroplasts (i-photosystem II), isebenza njengomnikeli we-anelectron ekunciphiseni i-chlorophyll ene-oxidized. Kule nkqubo, idlula kwi-deprotonation ye-phenolic OH-iqela layo. Le radical ithotywa emva koko kwi-photosystem II ngamaqela amane angundoqo emanganese.
Izifundo ezininzi ziye zafumanisa ukuba i-tyrosine inokuba luncedo ngexesha leemeko zoxinzelelo, ukubanda, ukudinwa, ukuphulukana nomntu omthandayo njengokufa okanye uqhawulo-mtshato, umsebenzi omde kunye nokungalali ngokwaneleyo, kunye nokunciphisa amanqanaba ehomoni yoxinzelelo, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo-olubangelwa ukuncipha kobunzima obubonwayo. izilingo zezilwanyana, ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kwengqondo kunye nomzimba kubonwa kwizinto zoluntu; nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba i-tyrosine hydroxylase yi-enzyme yokunciphisa izinga, iziphumo azibalulekanga kakhulu kunezo ze-L-DOPA.
I-Tyrosine ayinayo nayiphi na impembelelo ebalulekileyo kwimoya, ingqondo okanye ukusebenza komzimba kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo. Umlinganiselo wemihla ngemihla wovavanyo lweklinikhi oluxhaswa kwiincwadi malunga ne-100 mg / kg kumntu omdala, olingana ne-6.8 grams kwi-150 lbs. Idosi eqhelekileyo ifikelela kwi-500–1500 mg ngosuku (idosi ecetyiswe ngabakhiqizi abaninzi; idla ngokulingana ne-1–3 yee-capsules zetyrosine ecocekileyo). Akukhuthazwa ukuba kudlule i-12000 mg (12 g) ngosuku.