I-betaine (BEET-uh-een, bē'tə-ēn', -ĭn) kwikhemistri nakweyiphi na ikhemikhali engathathi hlangothi eneqela elisebenzayo le-cationic elichajiwe kakuhle njenge-quaternary ammonium okanye i-phosphonium cation (ngokubanzi: i-onium ion) engathwaliyo. i-athomu ye-hydrogen kunye neqela elisebenzayo elihlawuliswa kakubi njengeqela le-carboxylate elinokuthi lingabikho kwindawo ye-cationic. Ibetaine ngoko inokuba luhlobo oluthile lwezwitterion. Ngokwembali eli gama beligcinelwe i-trimethylglycine kuphela. Isetyenziswa njengeyeza ngokunjalo.Kwiinkqubo zebhayoloji, uninzi lweebetaines ezenzeka ngokwendalo zisebenza njenge-osmolytes ephilayo, izinto ezidityanisiweyo okanye ezithathwe kwindawo engqongileyo ziiseli zokukhusela kuxinzelelo lwe-osmotic, imbalela, ubutyuwa obuphezulu okanye ubushushu obuphezulu. I-intracellular accumulation of betaines, i-non-perturbing to enzyme function, i-protein structure kunye ne-membrane ingqibelelo, ivumela ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwiiseli, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela kwimiphumo yokuchithwa kwamanzi. Ikwangumnikeli we-methyl wokubaluleka okuye kwaqondwa kwi-biology.I-Betaine i-alkaloid ene-hygroscopicity eqinile, ngoko isoloko iphathwa nge-anti-caking agent kwinkqubo yokuvelisa. Isakhiwo sayo se-molecular kunye ne-application effect ayifani kakhulu ne-betaine yendalo, kwaye iyinto yendalo yendalo efana nekhemikhali synthesis.I-Betaine ngumnikeli we-methyl osebenzayo onokuthatha indawo ye-methionine kunye ne-choline. I-methionine endaweni yokuphucula ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokutya.
