2-Butanone | 78-93-3
Idatha yeMveliso yeMveliso:
| Igama lemveliso | 2-Butanone |
| Iipropati | Ulwelo olungenambala olunevumba le-acetone |
| Indawo yokunyibilika(°C) | -85.9 |
| Indawo yokubila(°C) | 79.6 |
| Ukuxinana ngokuzalana (Amanzi=1) | 0.81 |
| Ubuninzi bomphunga ozalanayo (umoya=1) | 2.42 |
| Uxinzelelo lomphunga (kPa) | 10.5 |
| Ubushushu bokutsha (kJ/mol) | -2261.7 |
| Ubushushu obubalulekileyo (°C) | 262.5 |
| Uxinzelelo olunzima (MPa) | 4.15 |
| I-Octanol / i-coefficient yokwahlula kwamanzi | 0.29 |
| Indawo edanyazayo (°C) | -9 |
| Ubushushu bokutshisa (°C) | 404 |
| Umda wokudubula okuphezulu (%) | 11.5 |
| Umda wokudubula osezantsi (%) | 1.8 |
| Ukunyibilika | Inyibilika emanzini, i-ethanol, i-ether, i-acetone, ibenzene, i-oyile exutywayo. |
Iimpawu zeMveliso:
1.IiPropati zeChemical: I-Butanone ichaphazeleka kwizenzo ezahlukeneyo ngenxa yeqela layo le-carbonyl kunye ne-hydrogen esebenzayo esecaleni kweqela le-carbonyl. I-Condensation iyenzeka xa ishushu nge-hydrochloric acid okanye i-sodium hydroxide ukwenza i-3,4-dimethyl-3-hexen-2-enye okanye i-3-methyl-3-hepten-5-enye. Xa ubonakaliswe kukukhanya kwelanga ixesha elide, i-ethane, i-acetic acid kunye neemveliso ze-condensation zenziwe. Xa i-oxidised nge-nitric acid, i-biacetyl yenziwa. Xa i-oxidised nge-chromic acid kunye nezinye ii-oxidants ezinamandla, i-acetic acid yenziwa. I-Butanone izinzile kubushushu, ngaphezu kwama-500°Cukuqhekeka kwe-thermal ukuvelisa i-alkenone okanye i-methyl alkenone. Xa i-aldehydes i-aliphatic okanye i-aromatics, ivelisa i-ketones ephezulu ye-molecular weight, i-cyclic compounds, i-ketones kunye ne-resins, njl. Ngokomzekelo, i-condensation kunye ne-formaldehyde phambi kwe-sodium hydroxide kuqala ivelisa i-2-methyl-1-butanol-3-enye kwaye i-dehydrates ukuvelisa i-methylisopropenyl ketone. Le khompawundi ifumana i-resination xa ibonakaliswe kukukhanya kwelanga okanye ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet. Ukuxinana ngephenol kuvelisa i-2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) butane. Iphendula nge-aliphatic esters kubukho be-catalyst esisiseko ukwenza i-β-diketones. I-acylation ene-anhydride kubukho be-acidic catalyst ukwenza i-β-diketone. Ukusabela ngehydrogen cyanide ukwenza icyanohydrin. Idibana ne-ammonia yenze izinto eziphuma kwi-ketopiperidine. I-athomu ye-athomu ye-hydrogen ye-butanone iguqulwa ngokulula kunye ne-halogens ukwenza ii-ketones ezahlukeneyo ze-halogenated, umzekelo, i-3-chloro-2-butanone kunye ne-chlorine. Ukusebenzisana kunye ne-2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine ivelisa i-yellow 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone (mp 115 ° C).
2.Uzinzo: Izinzile
3.Izinto ezingavumelekanga:Sii-oxidants ezomeleleyo,ii-agent zokunciphisa ezinamandla, iziseko
4.Ingozi yePolymerization:Non-pi-olymerization
Isicelo seMveliso:
I-1.I-Butanone isetyenziswa kakhulu njenge-solvent, efana ne-lubricating oil dewaxing, imboni yepeyinti kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-resin solvents, inkqubo yokukhutshwa kweoli yemifuno kunye nenkqubo yokucoca i-azeotropic distillation.
I-2.I-Butanone ikwalungiselela amayeza, idayi, i-detergents, iziqholo, i-antioxidants kunye nezinye i-catalysts ziphakathi, i-synthetic anti-desiccant agent methyl ethyl ketone oxime, i-polymerisation catalyst i-methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, i-etching inhibitor methyl pentynol, njl. ishishini le-elektroniki njenge-photolithography yeesekethe ezidibeneyo emva komphuhlisi.
3.Isetyenziswa njengesicoci, i-agent ye-lubricant dewaxing, i-vulcanisation accelerator kunye ne-reaction intermediates.
4.Isetyenziswe kwi-organic synthesis. Isetyenziswa njengohlalutyo lwechromatographic into esemgangathweni kunye nesinyibilikisi.
I-5.Isetyenziswa kwishishini le-elektroniki, esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njenge-agent yokucoca kunye ne-degreasing.
6.Ngaphezu kokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekucoceni ioli, iingubo, izinto ezincedisayo, i-adhesives, iidayi, amayeza kunye nokucoca i-electronic components, njl., isetyenziswa kakhulu njenge-solvent ye-nitrocellulose, i-vinyl resin, i-acrylic resin kunye nezinye ii-resin zokwenziwa. Iinzuzo zayo kukunyibilika okuqinileyo kunye nokuguquguquka okuphantsi kune-acetone. Ekukhutshweni kweoli yemifuno, inkqubo yokucoca i-azeotropic distillation kunye nokulungiswa kweziqholo, i-antioxidants kunye nezinye izicelo.
I-7.Ikwayinto ekrwada ye-organic synthesis kwaye ingasetyenziswa njenge-solvent. Kwishishini lokucoca ioyile yokuthambisa i-oyile yokuthambisa, ngelixa isetyenziswa kumayeza, ipeyinti, idayi, izicoci, iziqholo kunye ne-elektroniki kunye namanye amashishini. Isinyibilikisi se-inki engamanzi. Isetyenziswe kwi-cosmetics yokwenziwa kwe-nail polish, njenge-solvent ye-low-billing point, inokunciphisa i-viscosity ye-nail polish, ukumisa ngokukhawuleza.
I-8.Isetyenziswe njenge-solvent, i-dewaxing agent, iphinda isetyenziswe kwi-organic synthesis, kwaye njengezinto eziluhlaza kwizinto zokwenziwa kweziqholo kunye namayeza.
Amanqaku okuGcina iMveliso:
1.Gcina kwindawo epholileyo nengena umoya.
2. Gcina kude nomlilo kunye nomthombo wobushushu.
3.Ubushushu bokugcina akufanele budlule37°C.
4. Gcina isitya sivaliwe.
5. Kufuneka igcinwe ngokwahlukileyo kwi-oxidizing agents,ukunciphisa i-alkalis kunye ne-agent;kwaye mayingaze ixutywe.
6.Sebenzisa izibane ezingagqabhukiyo kunye nezixhobo zokungenisa umoya.
7.Vimbela ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zoomatshini kunye nezixhobo ekulula ukuvelisa iintlantsi.
8.Indawo yokugcina kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngokuvuza kwezixhobo zonyango olungxamisekileyo kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela.
